MINERVA NEUROSCIENCES, INC.

FORM 10-K/A

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART III

Information About Our Directors and Executive Officers.

Board of Directors

The table below sets forth our executive officers and directors as of April 17, 2023. We have also included below a summary of the business experience of each of our directors, including a discussion of the qualifications, attributes and skills that led our Board of Directors (the “Board”) to the conclusion that each of our directors should serve as a director of Minerva.

Dr. Remy Luthringer has provided services to us since July 2010, first as a consultant and then as an employee beginning in May 2014. Dr. Luthringer was named our President and Chief Executive Officer in November 2014, and served as President until December 2017. He has served on our Board since November 2014. Dr. Luthringer previously served as an advisor to Medicxi Ventures, formerly Index Ventures Life Sciences, and before that served as an advisor to Index Ventures and as Chief Medical Officer to Index Life VI, a biotechnology fund raised by Index Ventures. Dr. Luthringer also serves on the board of directors of a number of private companies. He received his Ph.D. in Pharmacology and Neurosciences from University Louis Pasteur (France). Our Board believes that Dr. Luthringer should serve on our Board due to his extensive knowledge of our business as well as his corporate vision and operational knowledge, which provide strategic guidance to our Board.

William F. Doyle has served on our Board since December 2017. Mr. Doyle is Executive Chairman of Novocure Ltd., a commercial-stage Nasdaq-listed oncology company, where he has served as Chairman of the Board since 2009 and a director since 2004. Since 2021, Mr. Doyle has served on the board of Elanco, Inc. a New York Stock Exchange-listed animal health company. From 2004 to 2021, Mr. Doyle served as a director of OptiNose, Inc., a Nasdaq-listed specialty pharmaceutical company. From 2015 to 2017, he served on the board of directors of Zoetis Inc., a New York Stock Exchange-listed animal health company. Previously, he was a member of Johnson & Johnson’s Medical Devices and Diagnostics Group Operating Committee and Vice President, Licensing and Acquisitions. While at Johnson & Johnson, Mr. Doyle was also Chairman of the Medical Devices Research and Development Council, Worldwide President of Biosense-Webster, Inc., and a member of the boards of Cordis Corporation and Johnson & Johnson Development Corporation, Johnson & Johnson’s venture capital subsidiary. Earlier he was a management consultant at McKinsey & Company. Mr. Doyle holds an S.B. in materials science and engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School. Our Board believes Mr. Doyle’s experience serving in executive officer positions, service on multiple boards of directors, and extensive knowledge of the industry qualifies him to serve as a member of our Board.

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Hans Peter Hasler has served on our Board since December 2017. Until 2020, Mr. Hasler served as the Chief Executive Officer of Vicarius Pharma AG, a privately held company that provided strategic options to non-European bio-pharma companies bringing late-stage assets to the European market. He is also Senior Advisor at SBTech Global Advisory. His prior experience includes Elan Corporation, where he was Chief Operating Officer, and Biogen, Inc., where his positions included Chief Operating Officer, Executive Vice President, Head of Global Neurology and International. Previously, Mr. Hasler was at Wyeth Pharmaceuticals as Senior Vice President, Chief Marketing Officer and Managing Director of Wyeth Group Germany and General Manager, Wyeth-Lederle Switzerland, Austria and ECE. Mr. Hasler has served as Chairman of the Board of HBM Healthcare Investments AG, a SIX Swiss Exchange listed company, since 2009. Mr. Hasler has served as the Chairman of Shield Therapeutics, an AIM-listed specialty-pharma company, since September 2018, and as a Director of Gain Therapeutics, a Nasdaq-listed biotechnology company, since March 2021. Mr. Hasler holds a Federal Swiss Commercial Diploma and a Marketing Manager Certificate from the Swiss Institute of Business Economy SIB, Zurich, Switzerland. Our Board believes Mr. Hasler’s experience helping bring late-stage assets to market, as well as his overall experience in the biotech industry in positions of leadership qualifies him to serve as a member of our Board.

Jeryl Hilleman has served on our Board since July 2018. Ms. Hilleman brings extensive experience in life sciences and served as a public company Chief Financial Officer for close to 20 years. Most recently, from June 2014 to November 2019, Ms. Hilleman served as the Chief Financial Officer of Intersect ENT, Inc., a commercial drug delivery company focusing on patients with ear, nose and throat conditions. Prior to Intersect ENT, Ms. Hilleman served as Chief Financial Officer of other public healthcare companies including Ocera Therapeutics, Inc. (subsequently acquired by Mallinckrodt plc), a biopharmaceutical company, Amyris, Inc., a renewable products company, and Symyx Technologies (subsequently acquired by Accelrys, Inc.), a life sciences automation company. Since July 2018, Ms. Hilleman has served as a member of the board of directors and chair of the audit committee of Novocure Ltd. Since December 2019, Ms. Hilleman has served as a member of the board of directors of SI-Bone and, since April 2021, as a member of the board of directors of HilleVax, Inc., which went public in May 2022. Previously, Ms. Hilleman served as a member of the board of directors and chair of the audit committee of Xenoport, Inc., a publicly-held biopharmaceutical company, from 2005 until it was acquired in 2016, and of Talis Biomedical from February 2021 until June 2022. Ms. Hilleman received a B.A. in History from Brown University and an M.B.A. from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. Our Board believes that Ms. Hilleman’s extensive experience in the pharmaceutical industry and as a chief financial officer qualifies her to serve on our Board.

Dr. David Kupfer has served on our Board since November 2015. Dr. Kupfer is Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, where he chaired that department for 26 years. He also chaired the American Psychiatric Association Task Force for the development of the Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (“DSM-5”), which defines the criteria for the diagnosis and classification of mental disorders. Dr. Kupfer received his M.D. from Yale University in 1965. Our Board believes that Dr. Kupfer’s extensive experience in the field of psychiatry qualifies him to serve on our Board.

Dr. Fouzia Laghrissi-Thode has served on our Board since May 2015. Dr. Laghrissi-Thode has held positions of leadership at AstraZeneca, Roche, Novartis and Sandoz in a broad range of therapeutic areas, including central nervous system, cardiovascular, metabolic disease and genito-urinary health. Since April 2018, Dr. Laghrissi-Thode has served as Chief Executive Officer and a member of the board of directors of DalCor Pharmaceuticals. Prior to joining DalCor, Dr. Laghrissi-Thode served as U.S. Vice President for the renal-cardio therapy area at AstraZeneca, Head of the South San Francisco site, and the chief executive officer of ZS Pharma, Inc. She was formerly vice president of the global cardiovascular and metabolism therapy area at AstraZeneca. Dr. Laghrissi-Thode holds an M.D. from the University of Tours School of Medicine in France, is board certified in psychiatry and was an adjunct professor of psychiatry at the University of Pittsburgh. Our Board believes that Dr. Laghrissi-Thode’s extensive experience in the pharmaceutical industry and field of psychiatry qualifies her to serve on our Board.

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Jan van Heek has served on our Board since July 2014. Mr. van Heek advises biotechnology and other healthcare companies in commercial strategy development, financing, and business development. He was previously a partner at BioPoint Group, a biotech consulting company. Prior to establishing BioPoint in 2009, Mr. van Heek spent over 18 years at Genzyme Corporation, a Sanofi pharmaceutical company, including as an Executive Vice President and Senior Advisor to the chief executive officer. Mr. van Heek also previously served as a board member and chairman of the Audit Committee of Amarin Corporation, a publicly traded biopharmaceutical company He was also a board member and chairman of the Audit Committee of ViaCell Corporation, a public company, from 2002 until it was sold to Perkin Elmer Corporation in 2007. He received an M.B.A. from St. Gallen University in Switzerland and an executive degree from Stanford Business School. Our Board believes that Mr. van Heek’s experience in the biotechnology industry and his executive experience, specifically his experience in executive officer positions at other companies in the biotechnology industry, as well as his service on other boards of directors, qualifies him to serve as a member of our Board.

Executive Officers

The table below sets forth information about our executive officers, including their ages as of April 17, 2023. We have also included below a brief summary of the business experience of each of our executive officers.

Dr. Remy Luthringer has served as our Chief Executive Officer since November 2014. Information regarding Dr. Luthringer can be found under the caption “Board of Directors” above.

Geoffrey Race has provided services to us since July 2010, first as a consultant and then as an employee beginning in May 2014. Mr. Race most recently held the positions of the Company’s Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, from May 2014 to October 2021, and Chief Business Officer from January 2016 to October 2021. Prior to joining us, Mr. Race served as the Chief Executive Officer and acting Chief Financial Officer of Funxional Therapeutics Ltd., a clinical stage pharmaceutical company which was spun out of Cambridge University, UK, from June 2010 to November 2013. Mr. Race is currently a member of the board of directors of Huq Industries Ltd. Mr. Race is also a founder and director of Cyber Industries Ltd., a UK-based private company developing software for building management systems. He was a director of Sensyne Health plc and of F-star Therapeutics Ltd. Mr. Race is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Management Accountants and earned his M.B.A. from Durham University Business School (UK).

Frederick Ahlholm has provided services to us since January 2014, first as a consultant and then as an employee beginning in June 2014. Mr. Ahlholm most recently held the positions of the Company’s Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer from July 2014 to October 2021, and Senior Vice President of Finance from May 2015 to October 2021. Prior to joining us, from 2010 to 2013, Mr. Ahlholm served as Vice President of Finance and also as Chief Accounting Officer for Amarin Corporation, a commercial biopharmaceutical company. Mr. Ahlholm has over 15 years of experience leading the finance organization at publicly-traded biotech companies, is a CPA and earned his BA in Business Administration at the University of Notre Dame.

Family Relationships

There are no family relationships among any of our directors or executive officers.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee of the Board was established by the Board in accordance with Section 3(a)(58)(A) of the Exchange Act to oversee the Company’s corporate accounting and financial reporting processes and audits of its financial statements. For this purpose, the Audit Committee performs several functions. The Audit Committee,

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among other things, evaluates the performance of and assesses the qualifications of the independent registered public accounting firm; determines and approves the engagement of the independent registered public accounting firm; determines whether to retain or terminate the existing independent registered public accounting firm or to appoint and engage a new independent registered public accounting firm; reviews and approves the retention of the independent registered public accounting firm to perform any proposed permissible non-audit services; monitors the rotation of partners of the independent registered public accounting firm on the Company’s audit engagement team as required by law; reviews and approves or rejects transactions between the Company and any related persons; confers with management regarding the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting; establishes procedures, as required under applicable law, for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by the Company regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters and the confidential and anonymous submission by employees of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters; and meets to review the Company’s annual audited consolidated financial statements and quarterly unaudited consolidated financial statements with management and the independent registered public accounting firm.

The Audit Committee is currently composed of three directors: Ms. Hilleman (Chair), Mr. Doyle and Mr. van Heek. The Board has adopted a written Audit Committee charter that is available on the Company’s website at http://ir.minervaneurosciences.com/corporate-governance.

The Board reviews the definition of independence for Audit Committee members as defined in the listing standards of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) on an annual basis, and has determined that Ms. Hilleman and Messrs. Doyle and van Heek are independent (as independence is currently defined in Rule 5605(c)(2)(A) of the Nasdaq listing standards).

The Board has also determined that each of Ms. Hilleman and Mr. van Heek qualifies as “audit committee financial experts,” as defined in applicable SEC rules. The Board made a qualitative assessment of each of Ms. Hilleman’s and Mr. van Heek’s level of knowledge and experience based on a number of factors, including their formal education and experience serving on audit committees for public reporting companies. The Board has also determined that each of the Audit Committee members is able to read and understand fundamental financial statements.

Code of Ethics

The Company has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the “Code of Ethics”), which applies to all officers, directors and employees. The Code of Ethics is available on the Company’s website at http://ir.minervaneurosciences.com/corporate-governance. If the Company makes any substantive amendments to the Code of Ethics or grants any waiver from a provision of the Code of Ethics to any executive officer or director, the Company will promptly disclose the nature of the amendment or waiver on its website.

Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports

Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires the Company’s directors and executive officers, and persons who own more than ten percent of a registered class of the Company’s equity securities, to file with the SEC initial reports of ownership and reports of changes in ownership of common stock and other equity securities of the Company. Officers, directors, and greater than ten percent stockholders are required by SEC regulations to furnish the Company with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file.

To the Company’s knowledge, based solely on a review of the copies of such reports furnished to the Company and written representations that no other reports were required, during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, all Section 16(a) filing requirements applicable to its officers, directors, and greater than ten percent beneficial owners were complied with, except that each of Messrs. Doyle, Hasler and Van Heek, Ms. Hilleman and Drs. Kupfer and Laghrissi-Thode, failed to timely file one Form 4 report, respectively, disclosing the acquisition of certain stock options that were granted by the Board on June 10, 2022. The Form 4 reports reporting such acquisitions were filed on June 28, 2022.

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Executive Compensation

Summary Compensation Table

The following table shows for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the compensation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and the two other most highly compensated executive officers as of December 31, 2022 (collectively, our “named executive officers” or “NEOs”).

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Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

The following table shows for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, certain information regarding outstanding equity awards at fiscal year-end for the named executive officers.

Arrangements with our Executive Officers

Each of our named executive officers is party to a written employment agreement with us.

Dr. Remy Luthringer

We entered into an Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with Dr. Luthringer through our wholly owned subsidiary, Mind-NRG SARL, on August 1, 2016, as amended by that certain First Amendment to the Employment Agreement with Dr. Luthringer effective as of December 13, 2022, and as amended by that certain Second Amendment to the Employment Agreement with Dr. Luthringer effective as of March 6, 2023, which sets forth the current terms of his employment with us. Dr. Luthringer’s principal place of work is the main office of the Company in Geneva, Switzerland. Effective January 1, 2022, Dr. Luthringer is entitled to an annual base salary of $600,096. Dr. Luthringer is also eligible for a discretionary bonus payment for each calendar year of up to 55% of his base salary. Dr. Luthringer is also eligible to participate in the Company’s employee benefit, welfare and other plans generally available to the other similarly situated employees of the Company, as may be maintained by the Company from time to time, and he is eligible for equity awards under the Company’s equity incentive plans, subject to the Company’s discretion.

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Pursuant to Dr. Luthringer’s employment agreement, he or the Company may terminate his employment upon six months’ written notice, or immediately if there are “valid reasons” under Swiss law.

If Dr. Luthringer’s employment with us ends due to his death, his beneficiaries or estate will be entitled to (1) payment of any earned but unpaid base salary; (2) two months of base salary; (3) payment of any vacation time earned but not used; (4) pro rata payment of his discretionary annual bonus; and (5) payment of any amounts accrued and payable under the terms of any of our benefit plans.

If Dr. Luthringer’s employment with us ends due to his disability or we terminate his employment for “cause,” he will be entitled to (1) payment of his base salary during the six-month written notice period; (2) payment of any earned but unpaid base salary; (3) payment of any vacation time earned but not used; and (4) payment of any amounts accrued and payable under the terms of any of our benefit plans.

If Dr. Luthringer’s employment with us ends without “cause” and not by reason of disability, or he resigns for “good reason,” he will be entitled to (1) payment of his base salary during the six-month written notice period; (2) payment of any earned but unpaid base salary; (3) payment of any vacation time earned but not used; (4) payment of any amounts accrued and payable under the terms of any of our benefit plans; (5) continued payment of his base salary for 12 months following his termination; (6) pro rata payment of his discretionary annual bonus; and (7) vesting of his outstanding equity awards as if he had completed an additional six months of continuous employment.

If Dr. Luthringer’s employment with us or our successor ends due to his resignation for “good reason” or his termination by us or our successor without “cause,” in each case within 12 months immediately following a change in control of the Company, Dr. Luthringer will be entitled to (1) payment of his base salary during the six-month written notice period; (2) payment of any earned but unpaid base salary; (3) payment of any vacation time earned but not used; (4) payment of any amounts accrued and payable under the terms of any of our benefit plans; (5) continued payment of his base salary for 18 months, following his termination (6) 100% of his target annual performance bonus for the year in which the termination occurs; and (7) vesting in full of all of his outstanding equity awards.

Dr. Luthringer’s severance benefits are conditioned, among other things, on a satisfactory release of claims in favor of the Company and his compliance with post-termination obligations under his employment agreement.

For purposes of Dr. Luthringer’s employment agreement, Dr. Luthringer may end his employment by resignation for “good reason” if, without his written consent, there is (1) a material diminution in the nature or scope of his responsibilities, duties or authority; (2) a material reduction in his base salary; (3) relocation of his principal work location more than 50 miles from the location of his principal work location as of immediately prior to such relocation; or (4) our material breach of his employment agreement.

Further, for purposes of Dr. Luthringer’s employment agreement, we may terminate him for “cause” if he (1) is convicted of a felony or misdemeanor involving moral turpitude; (2) commits an act of fraud or embezzlement against us or our affiliates; (3) materially breaches his employment agreement and fails to cure such breach within 30 days; (4) materially violates any of our written policies and fails to cure such violation within 30 days; (5) materially fails or materially refuses to substantially perform his duties (other than by reason of a physical or mental impairment) or to implement the lawful written directives of our board of directors that are consistent with his position, and such material failure or material refusal continues for 30 days following written notice from the Company; (6) willfully engages in conduct or willfully omits to take any action, resulting in material injury to us or our affiliates, monetarily or otherwise (including with respect to our ability to comply with our legal or regulatory obligations); or (7) materially breaches his fiduciary duties as our officer or as a member of our board of directors.

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Geoffrey Race

We entered into an Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with Mr. Race through our wholly owned subsidiary, Mind-NRG SARL, on August 1, 2016, which sets forth the current terms of his employment with us, as amended by that certain First Amendment to Employment Agreement dated October 11, 2021. Mr. Race’s principal place of work is Cambridge, United Kingdom. Effective January 1, 2022, Mr. Race was entitled to an annual base salary of $454,898. Mr. Race is also eligible for a discretionary annual bonus payment for each calendar year of up to 50% of his base salary. Mr. Race is also eligible to participate in the Company’s employee benefit, welfare and other plans generally available to the other similarly situated employees of the Company, as may be maintained by the Company from time to time, and he is eligible for equity awards under the Company’s equity incentive plans, subject to the Company’s discretion.

Pursuant to Mr. Race’s employment agreement, he or the Company may terminate his employment upon 12-month written notice. The Company may also, in its sole and absolute discretion, immediately terminate Mr. Race’s employment, provided Mr. Race receives payment of his salary during the 12-month written notice period in lieu of notice and with pro rata payment of his discretionary annual bonus.

If Mr. Race’s employment with us ends due to his death, his beneficiaries and/or estate will be entitled to, among other accrued obligations, a payment of a pro rata portion of his annual performance bonus.

If Mr. Race’s employment with us ends due to his termination by us other than for “cause,” he will be entitled to (1) payment of his salary during the 12-month written notice period; (2) pro rata payment of his discretionary annual bonus; and (3) vesting of his outstanding equity awards as if he had completed an additional 12 months of continuous employment.

If Mr. Race’s employment with us or our successor ends due to his resignation for “good reason” or his termination by us or our successor without “cause” (and not due to death) within 12 months immediately following a change in control of the Company, Mr. Race will be entitled to (1) payment of his salary during the 12-month written notice period; (2) pro rata payment of his discretionary annual bonus; (3) payment equal to 12 months’ base salary; (4) 100% of his target annual performance bonus for the year in which the termination occurs; and (5) vesting in full of all of his outstanding equity awards.

Mr. Race’s benefits are conditioned, among other things, on a satisfactory release of claims in favor of the Company and his compliance with post-termination obligations under his employment agreement.

For purposes of Mr. Race’s employment agreement, Mr. Race may end his employment by resignation for “good reason” if, without his written consent, there is (1) a material diminution in the nature or scope of his responsibilities, duties or authority; (2) a material reduction in his base salary; (3) relocation of his principal work location more than 50 miles from the location of his principal work location as of immediately prior to such relocation; or (4) our material breach of his employment agreement.

Further, for purposes of Mr. Race’s employment agreement, we may terminate him for “cause” if he (1) commits any act of gross misconduct; (2) commits any material or persistent breach of the terms of his employment agreement, including any willful neglect or refusal to carry out any of his duties or to comply with any reasonable and lawful instructions from our board; (3) materially violates any of our written policies and fails to cure such violation within thirty (30) days following written notice from us; (4) commits an act of fraud or embezzlement against us or our affiliates; (5) willfully engages in conduct or willfully omits to take any action, resulting in material injury to us or our affiliates, monetarily or otherwise (including with respect to our or our affiliates’ ability to comply with our or their legal or regulatory obligations); (6) materially breaches his fiduciary duties as our officer or as a member of our board of directors; (7) is convicted of any criminal offense (other than an offense under the Road Traffic Acts for which a penalty of imprisonment cannot be imposed); (8) commits any act which constitutes an offense under the Bribery Act 2010 whether done for our benefit or not; (9) has a

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bankruptcy order made against him or enters into a voluntary arrangement with his creditors; or (10) is prohibited by law from holding office in the Company or any other company or is disqualified or disbarred from membership of, or be subject to any serious disciplinary sanction by any professional or other body, which undermines the confidence of the board of directors in his continued employment with the Company.

Frederick Ahlholm

We entered into an Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with Mr. Ahlholm on October 11, 2021, which replaced and superseded the May 30, 2014 and the August 1, 2016 offer letters between Mr. Ahlholm and us. Mr. Ahlholm’s principal place of work is Waltham, Massachusetts. Effective as of the Amended and Restated Agreement, Mr. Ahlholm was entitled to an annual base salary of $400,000, which increased to $415,600 starting January 1, 2022. Mr. Ahlholm is also eligible to receive a discretionary bonus payment for each calendar year that ends during his employment of up to 45% of his base salary for that calendar year. Mr. Ahlholm is also eligible to participate in the Company’s employee benefit, welfare and other plans generally available to the other similarly situated employees of the Company, and is eligible for equity awards under the Company’s equity incentive plans, subject to the Company’s discretion.

Pursuant to Mr. Ahlholm’s employment agreement, if his employment with us ends due to his death, his beneficiaries or estate will be entitled to (1) payment of any earned but unpaid base salary; (2) payment of any vacation time earned but not used; (3) pro-rata payment of his discretionary annual bonus; and (4) payment of any amounts accrued and payable under the terms of any of our benefit plans.

If Mr. Ahlholm’s employment with us ends due to his disability or we terminate his employment for “cause,” he will be entitled to (1) payment of any earned but unpaid base salary; (2) payment of any vacation time earned but not used; and (3) payment of any amounts accrued and payable under the terms of any of our benefit plans.

If Mr. Ahlholm’s employment with us ends due to his termination by us without “cause,” he will be entitled to (1) payment of his salary for 9 months; (2) payment of his COBRA premiums, less the amount charged to active employees for health coverage, for up to 9 months; (3) pro-rata payment of his discretionary annual bonus; (4) vesting of his outstanding equity awards as to that number of the then-unvested underlying shares of common stock that would have vested over the 9-month period following the end of Mr. Ahlholm’s employment; and (5) for a period of nine (9) months immediately following termination , waiver of the obligation that Mr. Ahlholm remain in service, such that Mr. Ahlholm’s PRSUs would remain eligible to vest based solely on satisfaction of the applicable performance milestones prior to the expiration of such 9-month period.

If Mr. Ahlholm’s employment with us or our successor ends due to his resignation for “good reason” or his termination by us or our successor without “cause,” within 12 months immediately following a change in control of the Company, Mr. Ahlholm will be entitled to (1) payment of his salary for 12 months; (2) payment of his COBRA premiums, less the amount charged to active employees for health coverage, for up to 12 months; (3) 100% of his discretionary bonus for the year in which the termination occurs; and (4) vesting of his outstanding equity awards as to all then-unvested underlying shares of common stock (including with respect to all outstanding unvested options and any unvested PRSUs).

Mr. Ahlholm’s benefits are conditioned, among other things, on a satisfactory release of claims in favor of the Company and his compliance with post-termination obligations under his employment agreement.

For purposes of Mr. Ahlholm’s employment agreement, Mr. Ahlholm may end his employment by resignation for “good reason” if, without his written consent, there is (1) a material diminution in the nature or scope of his responsibilities, duties or authority (provided, however, that a requirement that Mr. Ahlholm act as officer, director or in any other corporate function within the group shall not constitute good reason); (2) a material reduction in his base salary; (3) relocation of his principal work location more than 50 miles from the location of his principal work location as of immediately prior to such relocation; or (4) our material breach of his

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employment agreement. Further, for purposes of Mr. Ahlholm’s employment agreement, we may terminate him for “cause” if he (1) is convicted of a felony or misdemeanor involving moral turpitude; (2) commits an act of fraud or embezzlement against us or our affiliates; (3) uses or discloses without authorization confidential information or trade secrets of the Company for his benefit or materially breaches a written agreement between him and the Company; (4) materially violates any of our written policies and fails to cure such violation within 30 days; (5) materially fails or materially refuses to substantially perform his duties (other than by reason of a physical or mental impairment) or to implement the lawful written directives of our board of directors that are consistent with his position, and such material failure or material refusal continues for 30 days following written notice from the Company; (6) willfully engages in conduct or willfully omits to take any action, resulting in material injury to us or our affiliates, monetarily or otherwise (including with respect to our ability to comply with our legal or regulatory obligations); or (7) materially breaches his fiduciary duties as our officer or as a member of our board of directors.

Confidentiality and Assignment Agreements

Each of the employment agreements with our named executive officers contains provisions with respect to confidential information and assignment of inventions. Among other things, each agreement requires each named executive officer to refrain from disclosing any of our proprietary information received during the course of employment or service with us, and to assign to us any inventions conceived or developed during the course of employment or service with us.

Payments Upon a Change in Control

In addition to payments and benefits under their employment agreements described above, pursuant to the terms of our Amended and Restated 2013 Equity Incentive Plan, if one or more of the awards granted to our named executive officers are not assumed or otherwise continued in effect by the successor corporation in the event of a change in control, such awards automatically accelerate and vest in full immediately prior to the change in control (assuming such officer remains in continuous service as of immediately prior to such change in control).

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Pay Versus Performance

As required by Section 953(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 and Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K, we are providing the following information about the relationship between executive compensation and certain financial performance metrics. The disclosure included in this section is prescribed by SEC rules and does not necessarily align with how we or the compensation committee view the link between financial performance and the compensation actually received or realized by our named executive officers. All information provided above under the “Pay Versus Performance” heading will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in any such filing, except to the extent the Company specifically incorporates such information by reference.

Pay Versus Performance Table

The table below presents information on the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer and other named executive officers in comparison to certain performance metrics for 2022 and 2021. These metrics are not those that the compensation committee uses when setting executive compensation. The use of the term Compensation Actually Paid is required by the rules and regulations of the SEC, and under such rules, CAP was calculated by adjusting the Summary Compensation Table (“SCT”) Total values for the applicable year as described in the footnotes to the table.

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To calculate the CAP, the following amounts were deducted from and added to the SCT total compensation:

PEO SCT Total to CAP Reconciliation

Average Non-PEO NEOs SCT Total to CAP Reconciliation

Supplemental Tables

PEO Equity Component of CAP

Average Non-PEO NEOs Equity Component of CAP

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Pay Versus Performance Narrative Disclosure

In accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K, we are providing the following descriptions of the relationships between information presented in the Pay Versus Performance table on the CAP and each of net loss and TSR. We do not utilize TSR or net loss in our executive compensation program.

Compensation Actually Paid vs. Total Shareholder Return

The following graph illustrates the relationship of the CAP for our PEO and non-PEO NEOs, as calculated pursuant to SEC rules, to our cumulative TSR over the two years presented in the Pay Versus Performance table.

Compensation Actually Paid vs. Net Income (Loss)

The following graph illustrates the relationship of the CAP for our PEO and non-PEO NEOs, as calculated pursuant to SEC rules, to our net income (loss) over the two years presented in the Pay Versus Performance table.

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Director Compensation

Director Compensation Table

The following table presents the total compensation for each person, other than our Chief Executive Officer, who served as a member of our Board during 2022. Other than as set forth in the table and described more fully below, we did not pay any compensation, reimburse any expense of, make any equity awards or non-equity awards to, or pay any other compensation to any of the non-employee members of our Board in 2022.

Non-Employee Director Compensation Policy

Our Amended and Restated Non-Employee Director Compensation Plan, as adopted by our Board, became effective April 1, 2018. Under the terms of the current plan, each non-employee director is eligible to receive an annual cash retainer of $35,000 and the non-employee chairperson of the Board is eligible to receive an additional annual cash retainer of $50,000. The Lead Independent Director is eligible to receive an additional annual cash retainer of $10,000. The chairpersons of the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are each eligible to receive additional annual cash retainers of $15,000, $12,000 and $8,000, respectively. Other members of the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are eligible to receive additional annual cash retainers of $7,500, $6,000 and $4,000, respectively.

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Under the terms of the current plan, each newly elected non-employee member of the Board is also eligible to receive a one-time grant of an option to purchase 5,000 shares of common stock promptly following election or appointment to the Board (the “New Director Welcome Options”). The New Director Welcome Options vest quarterly over three years, provided that the applicable non-employee director is, as of such vesting date, a director of the Company.

In addition, each non-employee director is eligible to receive an annual option grant to purchase 2,500 shares of common stock per year (the “New Annual Grants”). The New Annual Grants vest in equal quarterly installments over one year, provided that the applicable non-employee director is, as of such vesting date, a director of the Company.

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The following table sets forth certain information regarding the ownership of the Company’s common stock as of March 31, 2023 by: (i) each director; (ii) each named executive officer; (iii) all executive officers and directors of the Company as a group; and (iv) all those known by the Company to be beneficial owners of more than five percent of its common stock.

Beneficial ownership of securities is determined according to the rules of the SEC and generally means, with respect to a security, that a person or entity possesses sole or shared voting or investment power of such security, including options and warrants that are currently exercisable or will be exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2023. Options to purchase shares of our common stock that are exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2023 are deemed to be beneficially owned by the person holding these options for the purpose of computing percentage ownership of that person, but they are not treated as outstanding for the purpose of computing any other person’s ownership percentage.

This table is based upon information supplied by officers, directors and principal stockholders and Schedules 13G or 13D filed with the SEC. Unless otherwise indicated in the footnotes to this table and subject to community property laws where applicable, we believe that all persons named in the table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of our common stock beneficially owned by them. Applicable percentages are based on 5,340,193 shares of common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2023, adjusted as required by rules promulgated by the SEC.

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Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The following table provides certain information with respect to all of the Company’s equity compensation plans in effect as of December 31, 2022.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

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Policies and Procedures Regarding Transactions with Related Persons

We have adopted a related person transaction policy that sets forth our procedures for the identification, review, consideration, and approval or ratification of related person transactions. For purposes of our policy only, a related person transaction is a transaction, arrangement, or relationship, or any series of similar transactions, arrangements or relationships, in which we and any related person are, were, or will be participants in which the amount involved exceeds $120,000. Transactions involving compensation for services provided to us as an employee or director are not covered by this policy. A related person is any executive officer, director, or beneficial owner of more than 5% of any class of our voting securities, including any of their immediate family members and any entity owned or controlled by such persons.

Under the policy, if a transaction has been identified as a related person transaction, including any transaction that was not a related person transaction when originally consummated, or any transaction that was not initially identified as a related person transaction prior to consummation, our management must present information regarding the related person transaction to our Audit Committee, or, if Audit Committee approval would be inappropriate, to another independent body of our Board, for review, consideration, and approval or ratification. The presentation must include a description of, among other things, the material facts, the interests, direct and indirect, of the related persons, the benefits to us of the transaction and whether the transaction is on terms that are comparable to the terms available to or from, as the case may be, an unrelated third party, or to or from employees generally. Under the policy, we will collect information that we deem reasonably necessary from each director, executive officer and, to the extent feasible, significant stockholder to enable us to identify any existing or potential related person transactions and to effectuate the terms of the policy. In addition, under our Code of Ethics, our employees and directors have an affirmative responsibility to disclose any transaction or relationship that reasonably could be expected to give rise to a conflict of interest.

In considering related person transactions, our Audit Committee, or other independent body of our Board, will take into account the relevant available facts and circumstances including, but not limited to:

The policy requires that, in determining whether to approve, ratify, or reject a related person transaction, our Audit Committee, or other independent body of our Board, must consider, in light of known circumstances, whether the transaction is in, or is not inconsistent with, our best interests and those of our stockholders, as our Audit Committee, or other independent body of our Board, determines in the good faith exercise of its discretion.

All of the transactions described below under “Certain Related Person Transactions” were approved by the Audit Committee in accordance with our related person transaction policy.

Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions

Other than compensation arrangements for our directors and executive officers, which are described elsewhere in this Amendment to Annual Report on Form 10-K, below is a description of transactions since January 1, 2021 to which the Company was a party or will be a party, in which:

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Arrangement with PPRS Research, Inc.

Dr. Jay B. Saoud, the Company’s former Senior Vice President, Head of Research and Development, provides part-time consulting services to PPRS Research, Inc., where he serves as Head of Biometrics, Pharmacokinetics, and Medical Writing. In 2021 and 2022, the Company paid PPRS Research, Inc. approximately $2.2 million and $2.9 million, respectively, for program and project management services, including research and development services and coordination with investigators and contract research organizations.

Transition, Separation, and Consulting Agreement with Dr. Jay B. Saoud

Dr. Saoud resigned from the position of Senior Vice President, Head of Research and Development, effective September 15, 2021. In connection with his resignation, Dr. Saoud and the Company entered into a Transition, Separation, and Consulting Agreement, as amended by that certain First Amendment effective July 1, 2022 and that certain Second Amendment effective January 1, 2023, pursuant to which Dr. Saoud continued providing services as a consultant to the Company from September 15, 2021. Dr. Saoud’s consulting services will end on June 30, 2023, subject to termination or renewal. Effective as of January 1, 2023 and through March 15, 2023, Dr. Saoud was entitled to receive $24,000 for up to fifteen hours of consulting services per week for a four-week period. Effective March 16, 2023 and through June 30, 2023, Dr. Saoud will be entitled to receive $27,000 for up to fifteen hours of consulting services per week for a four-week period. In the event that Dr. Saoud performs more than fifteen hours of consulting services per week, the Company will pay Dr. Saoud $412.50 per hour for the first twenty hours of services in excess of fifteen hours per week, and $500 per hour for any additional consulting services performed thereafter.

In 2021 and 2022, the Company paid Dr. Saoud approximately $136,600 and $603,000, respectively, for consulting services.

Arrangement with V-Watch SA

In January 2016, we entered into an agreement, under which we paid approximately $380,000 to license a device for monitoring sleep from V-Watch SA (“V-Watch”), for use in certain of our clinical trials. Dr. Luthringer is the Chairman of the Board of Directors of V- Watch and funds affiliated with Index Ventures hold greater than 10% of the outstanding capital stock of V- Watch. Dr. Luthringer does not receive compensation from V-Watch and will not receive any consideration as a result of our payments to V-Watch in connection with our clinical trials, nor will funds affiliated with Index Ventures.

Compensation Arrangements and Equity Awards for Executive Officers and Directors

We have employment arrangements with our executive officers that, among other things, provide for certain change in control benefits, as well as severance benefits for executive officers. For a description of these agreements with our named executive officers, see “Executive Compensation.”

We have granted stock options and performance-based restricted stock units to our executive officers and our directors. For a description of these equity awards to our named executive officers and directors, see “Executive Compensation.”

Indemnification Agreements for Executive Officers and Directors

We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and certain of our executive officers. These agreements require us to indemnify these individuals and, in certain cases, affiliates of such individuals, to

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the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law against liabilities that may arise by reason of their service to us, and to advance expenses incurred as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified.

Stock Option Exchange Program

In June 2021, our stockholders approved a one-time stock option exchange program, which would permit eligible employees to surrender out-of-the-money, or “underwater”, stock options in exchange for a grant of fewer New PRSUs, that may be settled for shares of our common stock under our Amended and Restate 2013 Equity Incentive Plan. On August 6, 2021, we granted 476,640 New PRSUs in exchange for the cancellation of 953,980 shares of our common stock.

Director Independence

Under the Nasdaq listing standards, a majority of the members of our Board must qualify as “independent,” as affirmatively determined by our Board.

Based on information provided by each director concerning his or her background, employment and affiliations, the Board has determined that none of our directors, other than Dr. Luthringer, has any relationships that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director, and affirmatively determined that each of our directors, other than Dr. Luthringer, is “independent” as that term is defined under the Nasdaq listing standards. In making these determinations, the Board considered the current and prior relationships that each non-employee director has with our company and all other facts and circumstances our Board deemed relevant in determining their independence, including the beneficial ownership of securities of our company by each non-employee director and the transactions described in the section titled “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions.” The Board also determined that each member of our Audit, Compensation and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committees satisfies the independence standards for such committees established by the SEC and the Nasdaq listing standards, as applicable.

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Principal Accountant Fees and Services

The following table presents the aggregate fees billed to the Company for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, by Deloitte & Touche LLP, the Company’s principal accountant.

All services provided for fiscal 2022 and 2021 described above were pre-approved by the Audit Committee.

In connection with the audit of the 2022 consolidated financial statements, the Company entered into an engagement agreement with Deloitte & Touche LLP that sets forth the terms by which Deloitte & Touche LLP will perform audit services for the Company.

Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures

The Audit Committee has adopted a policy and procedures for the pre-approval of audit and non-audit services rendered by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP. The policy generally pre-approves specified services in the defined categories of audit services, audit-related services, and tax services up to specified amounts. Pre-approval may also be given as part of the Audit Committee’s approval of the scope of the engagement of the independent auditor, or on an individual, explicit, case-by-case basis before the independent auditor is engaged to provide each service. The pre-approval of services may be delegated to one or more of the Audit Committee’s members, but the decision must be reported to the full Audit Committee at its next scheduled meeting.

The Audit Committee has determined that the rendering of services other than audit services by Deloitte & Touche LLP is compatible with maintaining the principal accountant’s independence.

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PART IV

(a)(1) Financial Statements

No financial statement or supplemental data are filed with this Amendment to Annual Report on Form 10-K. See Index to Financial Statements and Supplemental Data of the Original 10-K.

(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedule

All schedules are omitted for the reason that they are not required or the information is otherwise supplied in Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in the Original 10-K.

(a)(3) Exhibits

The exhibits required to be filed as part of this report are listed in the Exhibit List attached hereto and are incorporated herein by reference.

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The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this Annual Report on Form 10-K are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure other than with respect to the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for that purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by us in these agreements or other documents were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: April 20, 2023

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

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